{"id":143493,"date":"2026-05-17T21:38:38","date_gmt":"2026-05-18T01:38:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/interamerica.org\/?p=143493"},"modified":"2026-05-19T21:29:13","modified_gmt":"2026-05-20T01:29:13","slug":"quest-ce-que-lhantavirus","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/interamerica.org\/fr\/2026\/05\/quest-ce-que-lhantavirus\/","title":{"rendered":"Qu\u2019est-ce que l\u2019hantavirus?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ce qu\u2019il faut savoir au moment o\u00f9 certains cas soul\u00e8vent des pr\u00e9occupations<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

Le 17 mai 2026 | Loma Linda, Californie, \u00c9tats-Unis | Elena Aguirre, Actualit\u00e9s du Centre m\u00e9dical de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de Loma Linda<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u2019hantavirus est un virus rare transmis par les rongeurs et plus fr\u00e9quemment li\u00e9 \u00e0 la souris sylvestre de certaines r\u00e9gions bois\u00e9es ou montagneuses. Les risques pour la population demeurent tr\u00e8s faibles, et la souche qui se trouve aux \u00c9tats-Unis n\u2019est pas connue comme se transmettant entre humains. Les premiers sympt\u00f4mes peuvent ressembler \u00e0 ceux de la grippe, mais l\u2019essoufflement apr\u00e8s une possible exposition devrait \u00eatre \u00e9valu\u00e9e imm\u00e9diatement.\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

De r\u00e9centes manchettes sur l\u2019hantavirus ont suscit\u00e9 des pr\u00e9occupations et des comparaisons \u00e0 l\u2019apparition de la COVID-19, mais d\u2019apr\u00e8s les experts infectiologues, les risques pour la population am\u00e9ricaine demeurent tr\u00e8s faibles.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0L\u2019hantavirus est un groupe de virus qui se transmettent g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement des animaux aux humains, a expliqu\u00e9 Jorge Robledo, m\u00e9decin infectiologue au Centre m\u00e9dical de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de Loma Linda (Loma Linda University Health). Dans le cas de l\u2019hantavirus ici aux \u00c9tats-Unis, il est g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement port\u00e9 par des rongeurs, surtout par la souris sylvestre.\u00a0\u00bb<\/span><\/p>\n

Contrairement \u00e0 la COVID-19, l\u2019hantavirus ne se propage pas principalement entre humains. Aux \u00c9tats-Unis, les gens deviennent g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement infect\u00e9s apr\u00e8s avoir \u00e9t\u00e9 expos\u00e9s \u00e0 de l\u2019urine, des excr\u00e9ments ou de la salive de rongeur, surtout dans des lieux clos o\u00f9 les particules peuvent se retrouver dans l\u2019air et \u00eatre inhal\u00e9es.<\/span><\/p>\n

D\u2019apr\u00e8s les experts, l\u2019exposition la plus r\u00e9pandue se produit dans des lieux ext\u00e9rieurs ou ruraux comme des cabanes, des terrains de camping, des cabanons ou des r\u00e9gions montagneuses bois\u00e9es o\u00f9 vivent des souris sylvestres.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0G\u00e9n\u00e9ralement, nous le d\u00e9tectons chez des patients qui ont nettoy\u00e9 une cabane ou fait des activit\u00e9s ext\u00e9rieures comme du camping, a dit le Dr Robledo. Quand les excr\u00e9ments et l\u2019urine deviennent a\u00e9rosolis\u00e9s, il devient possible d\u2019inhaler le virus.\u00a0\u00bb<\/span><\/p>\n

La diff\u00e9rence entre l\u2019hantavirus et la COVID-19<\/b><\/p>\n

De r\u00e9centes manchettes concernant une \u00e9closion d\u2019hantavirus li\u00e9e \u00e0 la souche des Andes, en Am\u00e9rique du Sud, \u00e0 bord d\u2019un bateau de croisi\u00e8re ont suscit\u00e9 des pr\u00e9occupations, mais d\u2019apr\u00e8s le Dr Robledo, la souche trouv\u00e9e aux \u00c9tats-Unis est diff\u00e9rente.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0La souche que nous voyons g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement ici aux \u00c9tats-Unis s\u2019appelle le virus <\/span>sin nombre<\/span><\/i>, a-t-il dit. La souche des Andes, laquelle est li\u00e9e \u00e0 une transmission entre les humains, n\u2019a pas \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9tect\u00e9e aux \u00c9tats-Unis.\u00a0\u00bb<\/span><\/p>\n

Selon lui, les cas d\u2019hantavirus en Californie sont extr\u00eamement rares. Les donn\u00e9es sanitaires en sant\u00e9 rapportent moins de 100 cas dans tout l\u2019\u00c9tat depuis les ann\u00e9es 1980, dont quelques-uns seulement dans les comt\u00e9s de San Bernardino et de Riverside.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Dans l\u2019ensemble, le risque pour notre population ici dans les comt\u00e9s de San Bernardino et de Riverside est tr\u00e8s faible\u00a0\u00bb, a dit le Dr Robledo.<\/span><\/p>\n

Toujours selon lui, les r\u00e9centes manchettes ont cr\u00e9\u00e9 de la confusion sur la propagation de l\u2019hantavirus. L\u2019\u00e9closion sur le bateau de croisi\u00e8re provenait de la souche des Andes, en Am\u00e9rique du Sud, laquelle diff\u00e8re de la souche trouv\u00e9e aux \u00c9tats-Unis, et pr\u00e9sente une transmission limit\u00e9e entre humains dans des environnements de contact \u00e9troit. La souche pr\u00e9sente aux \u00c9tats-Unis, connue sous le nom de virus <\/span>sin nombre<\/span><\/i>, ne se transmet pas entre humains selon les Centres de contr\u00f4le et de pr\u00e9vention des maladies (CDC pour Centers for Disease Control and Prevention).\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Comment vous prot\u00e9ger<\/b><\/p>\n

Si vous devez entrer dans une cabane, un garage, un cabanon ou un lieu clos qui pourrait contenir des crottes de rongeur, les experts recommandent l\u2019ouverture des fen\u00eatres pendant au moins 30 minutes [avant d\u2019entrer], d\u2019\u00e9viter de balayer ou d\u2019aspirer les crottes, mais de vaporiser les zones infect\u00e9es avec du d\u00e9sinfectant ou de la solution javellisante, puis de porter des gants ainsi qu\u2019un masque pendant le nettoyage.<\/span><\/p>\n

Le Dr Robledo insiste \u00e9galement pour dire que le virus aux \u00c9tats-Unis provient principalement de la souris sylvestre que l\u2019on trouve dans des r\u00e9gions bois\u00e9es ou montagneuses plut\u00f4t que de la souris que l\u2019on retrouve typiquement dans les maisons.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pendant que les experts continuent de surveiller de pr\u00e8s les cas dans le monde, le Dr Robledo insiste pour dire que rien n\u2019indique que l\u2019hantavirus puisse poser la m\u00eame menace mondiale que la COVID-19. Pour l\u2019instant, les cas confirm\u00e9s de la souche des Andes li\u00e9e \u00e0 la r\u00e9cente \u00e9closion n\u2019a \u00e9t\u00e9 identifi\u00e9e que chez les passagers \u00e0 bord du bateau de croisi\u00e8re.<\/span><\/p>\n

Les sympt\u00f4mes \u00e0 surveiller<\/b><\/p>\n

Si vous croyez pouvoir avoir \u00e9t\u00e9 expos\u00e9 \u00e0 des crottes de rongeur ou \u00eatre all\u00e9 dans une zone potentiellement contamin\u00e9e, il est recommand\u00e9 de surveiller vos sympt\u00f4mes, car les premiers signes pourraient ressembler \u00e0 ceux d\u2019un rhume ordinaire.<\/span><\/p>\n

Les premiers sympt\u00f4mes de l\u2019hantavirus peuvent aussi ressembler \u00e0 ceux de la grippe et inclure la fi\u00e8vre, les frissons, les douleurs musculaires, la fatigue, les naus\u00e9es, les vomissements et la diarrh\u00e9e. Les sympt\u00f4mes peuvent prendre de une \u00e0 six semaines pour se d\u00e9velopper apr\u00e8s l\u2019exposition au virus.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Quand les patients commencent \u00e0 tousser ou \u00e0 \u00eatre essouffl\u00e9s, ils devraient consulter un m\u00e9decin imm\u00e9diatement, a dit le Dr Robledo. Ce pourrait \u00eatre un signe que la maladie progresse.\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Il n\u2019existe actuellement aucun traitement antiviral contre l\u2019hantavirus. Le traitement est ax\u00e9 sur la gestion des sympt\u00f4mes et sur l\u2019aide \u00e0 la respiration et \u00e0 l\u2019oxyg\u00e9nation dans les cas s\u00e9v\u00e8res.<\/span><\/p>\n

La <\/span><\/i>version originale<\/span><\/i><\/a> de cet article a \u00e9t\u00e9 publi\u00e9e sur le <\/span><\/i>site des actualit\u00e9s<\/span><\/i><\/a> du Centre m\u00e9dical de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de Loma Linda.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

Traduction : Marie-Mich\u00e8le Robitaille<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ce qu\u2019il faut savoir au moment o\u00f9 certains cas soul\u00e8vent des pr\u00e9occupations Le 17 mai 2026 | Loma Linda, Californie, \u00c9tats-Unis | Elena Aguirre, Actualit\u00e9s du Centre m\u00e9dical de l\u2019Universit\u00e9…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":143494,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[18,19],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-143493","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nouvelles-de-leglise-mondiale","category-rss-francais"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nQu\u2019est-ce que l\u2019hantavirus? - \u00c9glise Adventiste Du Septieme Jour - Inter Am\u00e9rique Division<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/interamerica.org\/fr\/2026\/05\/quest-ce-que-lhantavirus\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Qu\u2019est-ce que l\u2019hantavirus? 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